近期，一些权衡环境、社会和治理（ESG）因素的社会责任投资产品成为了投资界新贵。
根据全球可持续投资联盟（Global Sustainable Investment Alliance）汇编的数据，在过去的两年中，全球流入可持续投资的资产增长了34%，达到30.7万亿美元。
风险因素
我们认为，投资者在加入“绿色投资”之前应该对每一个希望购买的ESG指数基金进行深入了解。
相较于标普500指数基金而言，绿色指数基金在今年表现良好，但该指数基金往往在某一板块中占比很大，比如说科技板块。
其次，投资者还应该注意的是，由于 ESG指数基金将押注大量集中在一些股票上而带来的风险，并且还应该考察该基金是否与自己投资组合中已持有的部分头寸重合。
最后，由于构成ESG绩效强弱的指标各不相同，因此该绿色指数基金的持股可能不完全都是绿色的。
绿色幻影
根据《华尔街日报》近期的报道，“美国十大可持续发展基金中有八家投资了油气公司，而这些公司经常遭到环保主义者的抨击。”
贝莱德集团的iShares ESG MSCI USA指数基金包括了石油公司埃克森美孚Exxon Mobil（XOM）, 而先锋集团的FTSE Social 指数基金包括了西方石油公司Occidental Petroleum（OXY）。
尽管ESG基金通常会避开枪支制造商、赌场运营商和烟草公司，但是由于能源是主要的股票市场板块，ESG基金不愿完全消减对化石燃料公司的投资。
聚焦科技
运营ESG基金的基金经理自然不会想要错过科技股的爆炸性表现。
根据《华尔街日报》援引DataTrek的数据，前五位的以ESG股票为重点的美国指数基金都包括了类似微软（MSFT）和谷歌母公司Alphabet（GOOGL）等科技股巨头的股票。
尽管科技巨头一直因“男权至上”的男性主导企业文化、性别收入差异和零星的环境记录而受到指责，但是管理绿色指数基金的基金经理并不想要错过科技股带来的巨大市场回报。
重点
投资组合中有大量科技股的投资者在购买绿色指数基金时应该注意避开科技板块的股票。
数据质量是关键。在考虑对ESG为重点的基金进行潜在投资时，需确保该基金的环境、社会、治理的指标可靠且有相关性。
投资者应该仔细研究这些基金的构成，以评估他们是否适合更广泛的投资组合策略和财务目标。
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